Furnace-grate



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No. 474,931. Patented May 17, 1892. a

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- FURNAGE GBATE.

No. 474,931. Patented May 17, 1892.

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R. -& R. A. WHELAN.

FURNACE GRATE.

No. 474,931. Patented May 1'7, 18-92.

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R. 85 R. A. WHELAN.

- FURNACE G-RATE.

No. 474,931. Patented May 17, 1892.

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Patente'iMay 1 7, 1892.

UN I'l -ED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

ROBERT WVHELAN AND ROBERT IVHELAN, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

FURNACE-GRATE.

SPEGIFICATIQN forming part of Letters Patent No. 474,931, dated May 17,1892. Application filed August 15, 1890. Renewed April 20. 1892. SerialNo. 429,847. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern.

Be it known that we, ROBERT \VHELAN and ROBERT A. WHELAN, citizens ofthe United States, residing at Chicago, in the county of Cook and Stateof Illinois, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Furnace-Grates, of which the following is a specification.

Our invention relates to improvements in furnace-grates by which thefloor of the furnace or that part thereof that supports the burningmaterial is constructed of movable parts, so that the burning materialand ashes and other product thereof may be thoroughly and quickly shakenand freed therefrom, and in which blasts of air may be introducedthrough the said parts from below through the burning material,intensifying combustion uniformly throughout the burning mass.

The objects of our invention are to provide movable grate-bars forshaking the burning material and freeing it from ashes andclinkersandother products of combustion, and in addition quickly freeing thegrate of all material and also providing tubes and conduits for blastsof air, so that they will flow uniformly from below on and through allparts of the burning material. We attain these obj ects by mechanismillustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which Figure 1 is a topview of the frame and grate with its several parts in position. Fig. 2is a sectional view upon the lines 2 z of Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is aperspective view of a furnace with the grate in position ready to beoperated. Fig. 4 is a perspective view of the central mullion or centralbar of the frame that supports the grate-bars. Fig. 5 is a perspectiveview of the plate that completes the mullion or central bar and holdsthe parts in place. Fig. 6 is a sectional view upon the line 00 m,Fig. 1. Fig.7 is a sectional view upon the line 1 y, Fig. 1, with theair-tube omit-ted. Fig. Sis a perspective view of one of the crossbarsthat supports and carries the grate-bars. Figs. 9 and 10 are perspectiveviews of the grate bars proper immediately upon which rest the burningmaterial. Fig. 11 is a sectional View upon the lines at u, Fig. 1. Fig.12 is a sectional view upon the lines g y, Fig.

1, with the air-tubes inserted. Figs. 13 and 14 are sectional viewsuponthe lines zz,Fig. 1, showing (Fig. 13) the grates in normal positionand (Fig. 14) the grates when rocked.

Similar-letters and figures refer to similar parts throughout theseveral views.

The grate-floor is constructed of a frame H, F, and E and the cross-barsA and grate-bars B. The longitudinal bars H and the mullion or centerbar E are provided with lugs G, which may be made integral with thoseparts or riveted thereto, and to which the fiat bars F are firmly boltedby bolt and screws 10. The longitudinal bars H of the frame are providedwith openings or bearings to receive and support the trunnion orjournals1 of the several cross-bars A, and are formed so that their extensionsI-I may rest upon walls to support the frame. The cross-bars A areconstructed in the form of a rectangular frame having an openingextending vertically through the same and provided with integral bottomsfrom the ends to the point 6, Fig. 8.

It is provided with ledges A and its body'is wedge-shaped, the bottombeing narrower than the top. It is also provided with trunnions orjournals 1 2. The trunnion or journal to be received and held by themullion or center barE is provided with a circular opening 3 for theinsertion of the end of the air-pipe D, as hereinafter explained. Thecross-bar A is also provided with a flap or apron 5, which, when innormal position, forms the bottom of the trough; but it is held byhinges 6, and is arranged so that it can open and close when thecross-bars and grate-bars are tilted or shaken. The primary purpose ofthese flaps or aprons is to close the lower opening of the cross-bars,so that when a blast of air is introduced it cannot pass out through thebottom of the crossbar. The cross-bars are also provided with ears orlugs19, which are to be pivotally connected with rods 12 and 9, so thatthe cross bars and the grate-bars supported by them may besimultaneously tilted and shaken by operating the rod 9. These ears orlugs extend vertically below the cross-bars, as shown at 8 in Fig. 7.The flaps or aprons 6, constituting the bottoms of the grate-bars, areprovided with ears or lugs 4, extending downward and pivotally connectedwith the horizontal rod 14. This rod 14: is constructed of such lengthand so pivoted to said ears or lugs 4 that one end rests against therear Wall of the furnace at 17. At the other end it is provided with acollar 20 and a spring 15, located in a nich in the front wall of thefurnace. This spring forces the rear end of. the rod against the rearwall and holds the flaps or bottoms of the cross-bars closed when thecross'bars and grates are in normal position, and causes them to openand be slightly depressed when the grate-bars are rocked and shaken bythe shaking-rod 9.

The grate-bars B B are constructed with openings and with interior ormale ledges 5 to receive and beheld upon the cross-bars. They arearranged so that the serrated ends upon one series of a givencross-barwill dovetail with the corresponding ends of the next series,and their faces are inclined so that they may be tilted Without contactor friction with each other. Ordinarily they are constructed in pairshaving, respectively, two and three teeth bearing two and four verticalopenings, as shown. This enables an easy adjustment of the number ofgrate-bars to a given length of the cross-bar. It is evident that, ifnecessary, each series may be made in one solid piece orin such numberof pieces as will suit the size of the furnaces.

The central bar or mullion E may be made of several parts bolted andriveted together, or it maybe made in one solid piece, as shown in Fig.4. The lugs or cars 10, Fig. 1,may be riveted or bolted to it or madeintegral with it; It is provided with openings or depressions 13, Fig.4, in its upper edges orbearings to support and carry the trunnions orjournals 0f the cross-bars, and the latter are held in position byplates E, Fig. 5, which are constructed with openings and with a lug 8.This lug is inserted under the bridge 7, Fig. 4, and the plate laid uponthe edges of the mullion or center bar and bolted through openings 11.

The mullion or center bar may be made with parallel sides, as shown inFig. 7, or with sides with curved faces, as shown in Fig. 4. The mullionor center bar E is closed by plates or the walls of the furnace at theends and bottom. Into the interior of this mullion or center bar isintroduced a pipe or tube 0, Figs. 11 and 12, and the pipe or tube has aT crosssection D opposite the circular openings of the cross-bars A, theupper ends of this T cross -section being introduced and fitting closelyin the respective circular openings in the trunnions or journals of thecross-bars.

The pipe or tube 0 is also provided with small openings 21 in thechamber of the mullion or center bar E, so that a blast of air may besent through them, it being designed that the bottom of the chambershall be closed by a plate or wall on which it rests. The pipe or tube 0is carried outside the furnace and connected with the means fordriving ablast of air.

. Having thus described the different parts of the said mechanism bywhich we attain the purposes of our said invention, we now proceed todescribe and explain its mode ofoperation. The several grate-bars beingplaced and located upon the cross-bars, and the latter then being placedin the frame, the trunnions or journals placed in their respectiveopenings or bearings in the longitudinal bars and the mullion or centerbar, the tubes are inserted and the external connection made with theblast-driving mechanism. The-rods 9, 12, and 14 are connected pivotallywith the lugs or cars of the cross-bars and their flaps or bottoms andthe rod 9 is connected with a lever located externallyto the furnace, asshown in Fig. 3. By moving this lever and the rods 9 and 12 thecross-bars partially-rd tate back and forth upon their trunnions orjournals and the grate-bars are caused to tilt back and forth and theflaps or bottoms of the cross-bars will open to let out theashes andcinders and the'serrated edges of the adjacent series of grate-bars willbe separated and closed. In this manner the grate-bars may be shaken andtilted, so as to permit only the finerashes and cinders and smallerportions of material on them to be sifted out and and fall below, or theentire mass can be suddenly thrown down and the floor of the gratecleaned and freed of all material. The air driven into the tube 0 flowsthrough the small openings therein into the chamber of the mullion orcenter bar and through the T cross-section into the chambers of thecross-bars, and thence upward through the openings in the gratebars toand uniformly through the entire burning mass, thereby furnishing itwith additional oxygen and greatly intensifying the combustion. By thismeans the fuel is more completely and evenly burned, and the smoke andcombustible gases, the result of combust-v ion, are more completelyconsumed. It is evident that in this arrangement the functions of thegrate-tilting devices and of the cold blast of air devices greatly aidand cooperate with each other. The more regularly and perfectly thegrates are shaken and the more uniformly the ashes and othernon-refractable material are removed and the blast of air sentthroughout the entire mass the more rapid, perfect, and complete willthe combustion be made and the more completely will the smoke and gasesbe consumed.

i It is evident that there may be many variations and modifications inthe arrangement of parts and construction of our invention Withoutdeparting from the spirit thereof.

Having described our invention and its mode of operation, what we claim,and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. In a furnace, the combination of a frame, with chambered cross-barsrespectively provided with a flap or bottom held by hinges, eachcross-bar provided with a lug or ear, and the flap or bottom of eachcross-bar provided with a lug or ear, horizontal rods pivotallyconnected with each series of said ears or lugs, the rod connected withthe lugs or ears of said cross-bars being pivotally connected with anoperating rod and lever, and grate-bars with vertical openings supportedand held on said cross-bars, all substantially as shown.

2. In a furnace, a frame, chambered crossbars supported in said frame,with an open ing in the trunnion or journal of each leading into thechambers thereof, said cross-bars provided with flaps or bottoms held byhinges, each cross-bar and each flap or bottom provided with itsrespective lug or ear, horizontal rods pivotally connected with eachseries of lugs or ears, an operating rod or lever pivotally connectedwith said rod, connecting the ears and lugs of the cross-bars, and apipe with small openings along its side and having sections or branchesconnecting with the openings in the trunnions or journals of thecross-bars, with means for sending a blast of air through said pipe andgrates, all substantially as shown.

3. In a furnace, a frame, chambered crossbars supported in said frames,with an opening in the trunnion or journal of each crossbar leading intothe chamber, said cross-bar provided with flaps or bottoms held byhinges, each cross-bar and each flap or bottom provided with itsrespective lug or ear, horizontal rods pivotally connected with eachseries of lugs or ears, the rod connected with the lugs or cars of saidflaps or bottoms, provided with a collar and spring to hold the same inposition, the rod connected with said cross-chambers being connectedwith an operating rod and lever, and grate-bars with vertical openingssupported onsaid cross-bars,allsubstantially as shown.

4. In a furnace, a frame composed of two longitudinal sides providedwith interior lugs at each end, cross-plates resting on and pivoted orbolted to said respective lugs, said mullion or center bar being hollowfor the introduction of air-pipes, provided with openings or bearin gsin the depressed surfaces of the upper edges of its sides, and withplates having vertical openings held or riveted upon said depressedsurfaces to hold and retain the journals or trunnions of the cross-barsin said openings or bearings, in combination with cross-bars providedwith trunnions having openings to receive the air from the mullionor'center bar, all substantially as shown.

5. In a furnace, a chambered cross-bar and ledges along its upperlongitudinal sides, provided with trunnions or journals ateach end andan ear or lug, also with a flap or bottom hinged to the under side ofsaid cross-bar, said flap or bottom being provided with an ear or lugwhereby said chamber of said cross-bar may be opened or closed at thebottom thereof, in combination with one or more grate-bars supportedthereon, all substantially as shown.

6. In afurnace,a chambered cross-bar with ledges along its upperlongitudinal sides, provided with trunnions or journals at each end, oneof which has an opening into said chamber, also with an ear or lug alsoprovided with a flap or bottom held to said cross-bar by hinges, saidflap or bottom having an ear or lug, whereby said flap or bottom can bemade to open or close said chamber at the bottom, in combination withone or more grate-bars supported thereon, all substantially as shown.

7. In a furnace, a grate-bar B, with vertical openings and recessed uponone side to form in connection with another grate-bar B a verticalopening between the two, the under side of said grate-bar B recessed andeach of the walls of such recess provided with a transverse lug 5,leaving spacefor the introduction of a cross-bar A, provided with ledgesor flanges A, whereby the two may be locked together, all substantiallyas shown.

8. In a furnace, a gratebar B, having vertical openings, one siderecessed to form in connection with another grate-bar B' a verticalopening between them, the lower side of said grate-bar B recessed, theopposite walls of said recess being provided with transverse lugs 5, soas to form a space for the introduction of the flanges or ledges A ofthe cross-bar A, whereby the same maybe locked, said gratebar B havingits edges serrated and the faces of said edges inwardly inclined, allsubstantially as shown.

9. In a furnace, a grate-bar B, with vertical openings, one siderecessed to form in connection with another grate-bar B a verticalopening between them, its lower side recessed and each of the walls ofsuch recess provided with a transverse lug 5, leaving a space for.

port the same, all substantially as shown.

10. In a furnace, a series of grate-bars respectively provided withvertical openings and interior ledges, in combination with a series ofchambered cross-bars, each cross-bar provided with a flap or bottom andwith ledges adapted to carry and support said series of grate-bars, allsubstantially as shown.

11. In a fjlrnace a series of grate-bars B, with verticakopenings, aseries of chambered IIO of said cross-bars and the vertical openings ofsaid grate-bars, all substantially as shown.

ROBERT WVHELAN. ROBERT A. WHELAN.

Witnesses to Robert WVhelans signature:

J. W. VAN BUSKIRK, J. F. RITCHHART.

WVitnesses to Robert A. WVhel-ans signature:

WM. S. CAMERON, BENTON J. HALL.

